The recent war has been prolific in newspapers published in camp and trench and on shipboard and their names have been specially appropriate, — The Periscope, Over the Top, The Fusillade,
The Hatchet of the George Washington, Speed Up, The Dry-Dock Dial.
Change of name may be an interesting illustration of the per sonality of a newspaper. After rigorous censorship , M . Clemenceau
changed the name of L'Homme Libre to L 'Homme Enchainé, but after he became premier, the paper reverted to its former name.
Many years before in Paris, La Lune, after it was suppressed , re appeared under the name L 'Eclipse. Change in point of view may bring an equally interesting change in designation ; The Forlorn Hope was the name of a weekly published in 1799 by the
convicts in the New York State Prison , while the corresponding paper later was called The Star of Hope.
A newspaper may change its name many times and yet, like the leopard, not change its spots . Richard Carlile brought out
papers bearing the various names of Republican, Deist, Moralist, Lion , Prompter, Gauntlet, Christian Warrior, Phoenix , Scourge, Church , and yet apparently the character of the paper never changed with change of name. Annual and Directory; Paul Bluysen, Annuaire de la presse française ; Sell's World 's Press ; W . E . Connelley , History of Kansas Newspapers; A . T. Gris wold , Annotated Catalogue of Newspaper Files in the Library of the State
Historical Society of Wisconsin ; D . C . Haskell, Check List of Newspapers and Official Gazettes in the New York Public Library; J. V . Ñ . Ingram , A Check List of American Eighteenth Century Newspapers in the Library of Congress ; A . Matthews Bibliographical Notes on Boston Newspapers, 1704 – 1780 ; F . W . Scott, Newspapers and Periodicals of Illinois , 1814 – 1879 ;
L . H . Weeks and E . M . Bacon , An Historical Digest of the Provincial Press.
The names of many papers begun in France during the years 1848 – 1852 are especially significant in recording contemporaneous conditions not only
in France but elsewhere, - La Californie Agricole, Le Courrier de San -Fran
cisco. See E . G . Swem , ed ., French Newspapers of 1848–50 in the Virginia State Library ; E . Hatin , Bibliographie historique et critique de la presse périodique française ; Curiosités révolutionnaires. Les Journaux rouges. Napoleon I had earlier protested against the name Citoyen français as being too democratic and it became the Courrier français; Les Debats became
the Journal de l'Empire. - H . Welschinger, La Censure sous le premier
Empire, pp. 88, 93. J . A . O 'Shea , Leaves from the Life of a Special Correspondent, I, 258. 6 1 . N . P . Stokes, Iconography of Manhattan Island, II, 419.
6 Theophila Carlile Campbell, The Battle of the Press,
