alternative guerdon offered in the name of the great Emperor, the fearful and shameful deaths to which an openly professing Christian in the days of Marcus was condemned by the stern Roman law.
The interrogatory and the noble answers of mother and sons as contained in the "Acts of the Passion of S. Felicitas," are at once a stirring and pathetic recital.
The final condemnation naturally followed. The death sentences were confirmed by the Emperor, and sternly carried out.
Felicitas and her seven sons suffered martyrdom,[1] and through pain and agony passed to their rest and bliss in the Paradise of their adored Master Christ.
Around these "Acts" a continual war of criticism has been waged: the question has by no means as yet been positively decided.
Tillemont hesitatingly expresses an opinion that they have not all the characteristics of genuine "Acts." Bishop Lightfoot is yet more positive in his view that they are not authentic. Aubé repeats a similar judgment. On the other hand, De Rossi, Borghesi, and Doulcet accept them as genuine. But all are agreed that they are very ancient. The interrogatory portion is no doubt a verbatim extract from the original procès-verbal.
The piece appears to have been originally largely written in Greek, but Gregory the Great, who refers to it, speaks of another and better text which we do not possess. One striking indication of its great antiquity is that no mention is made of the tombs of the martyrs. Had these "Acts" dated even from the fifth century this would not have been omitted, for in the fifth century the martyrdoms had obtained great celebrity.
A very early mention of these tombs, however, we find in the so-called "Liberian" or "Philocalian" Catalogue,
- ↑ The manner of death of this illustrious family of Christian martyrs was as follows, as far as we can gather from the concise notices in the "Acts": Januarius, the eldest, was beaten to death by whips loaded with lead. The second and third brothers apparently met with the same doom. The fourth was thrown down from a height, and so died. The three remaining brothers and their mother Felicitas were dealt with more mercifully and were decapitated.
