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THE CALIPH.
does not once occur, although this collection is much used in Muhammadan states. We have seen it stated that the Sultan is prayed for in Hyderabad and Bengal; but, we believe, it will be found, upon careful inquiry, that he was not mentioned by name, until very recently, in any of the mosques of India. Khutbah in which there are prayers for the Ottoman Sultan by name, have been imported from Constantinople; but, whoever may be the rightful Caliph, it is certain that, according to law, the only sovereign who can be prayed for in an Indian mosque, is "Alexandrina Victoria, Empress of India" (Qaisar-i-Hind); for all Muhammadans admit that the Friday Khutbah cannot be recited without the permission of the ruler.
