396
Motif-Index of Folk-Literature
The Fables of Aesop; Jewish: Neuman; Reynard the Fox: Graf FFC XXXVIII; Bear-fox cycle: Krohn Bär (Wolf) und Fuchs JSFO VI; Dh IV; Rabbit-fox cycle: Parsons MAFLS XV (1) notes; Beckwith MAFLS XVII notes. See also Panchatantra. — Marquesas: Handy 79; S. A. Indian (Warrau): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 146, (Chiriguano): ibid. 161, 179.
A522. Animal as culture hero. B773. Animal with human emotions. D682.3. Partial transformation: animal with human mind. F981. Extraordinary death of animal. J1706. Stupid animals. Q557. Miraculous punishment through animals.
B210. Speaking animals. India: Thompson-Balys.
D1610. Magic speaking objects.
B210.1. Person frightened by animals successively replying to his remarks. Example: Man riding horse and followed by dog tells horse to jump over a hole. Horse says, "I will not." Man turns to dog and says, "Isn't that strange — a horse talking!" The dog says, "Yes, isn't it." Often the man runs, meeting other animals which answer him, until he falls exhausted. — U.S.: *Baughman.
B210.2. Talking animal or object refuses to talk on demand. Discoverer is unable to prove his claims: is beaten. — U.S. Negro: Baughman.
B210.3. Formerly animals and man spoke the same language. God took the power of speech from the animals because men refused to kill speaking beasts. — India: Thompson-Balys.
B211. Animal uses human speech. *Chauvin VIII 126 No. 113; *BP I 331. — Irish myth: Cross; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "animaux"; French Canadian: Barbeau JAFL XXIX 13; Hindu: Tawney II 599; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 40 No. 28. See also references given under B200.
B11.4.5. Talking dragon. N451. Secrets overheard from animal conversation.
B211.0.1. Animals speak, praising God, on the night of Christ's Nativity. Irish myth: Cross.
B251.1. Animals rejoice at Christ's birth.
B211.1. Speaking beasts — domestic.
B211.1.1. Speaking sheep. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "mouton"; Missouri-French: Carrière.
B211.1.1.1. Speaking ram. Irish myth: Cross; Greek: Grote I 117; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "belier".
B211.1.1.1.1. Ram stung by hornet on Sabbath says, "Damn!" Pious owner resolves to sell it next day. — U.S.: Baughman.
B211.1.2. Speaking goat. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "chèvre"; India: Thompson-Balys; Africa (Angola): Chatelain 55 No. 2.
K366.5. The speaking goat swallows gold coins in temple: voids for master.
B211.1.3. Speaking horse. *Types 531, 532; BP II 274f., III 18; Penzer II 57; Fb "hest" I 598b; *Loomis White Magic 61; Missouri French: Carrière; Greek: Malten Jahrb. d. Kaiserl. deutschen archäologischen Inst. XXIX (1914) 203f. — Russian: v. Löwis of Menar Russische Märchen 313 No. 53, Rambaud La Russie épique 79; Lithuanian: Leskien-Brugmann Nos. 5, 9; Modern Greek: Hahn Griechische und alban. Märchen Nos. 6, 37; Bulgarian: Strauss Bulgarische Volks-
