perished, while others were distributed as settlers to support the Spaniards in controlling different districts. Diseases and other adjuncts of the new civilization made inroads upon them as they did on all the natives, and so they dwindled to a handful, impotent even to raise their voice against the abuses to which unscrupulous officials submitted them.[1] Their only real friends were the friars, who did what they could to protect their rights, and confirm them in their devout and loyal disposition,
While the rebuilding of Mexico served to occupy the more contented spirits who had decided to settle there, supported by the encomiendas granted them in the valley, Cortés found the better remedy for the rest to be expeditions, which would not only advance the common interest, but enable them to achieve their own rewards and at the same time remove turbulent characters to a safe distance. Actual campaigns were little called for, since the mere report of the fall of Mexico sufficed to summon neutral or even hostile caciques to render homage to the victors. Nevertheless it was necessary to actually occupy the surrounding provinces, ascertain their condition and wealth, and, above all, to extort tribute and presents on the strength of the ridiculous requirement issued by the sovereign in the name of the pope, and to be used in demanding submission from the natives.[2] To this end the tribute-rolls of Montezuma proved of value, by indicating the kind and amount of taxes exacted by the rapacious Aztec collectors., An exhibition of the rolls with
- ↑ The king found it necessary, at the instance of the friars, to repeat more than once the order against their compulsory service beyond the limits of their province. 'Tambien los hizo esclavos; digna recompensa por cierto de unos hombres viles, verdugos de su misma pátria,' is the patriotic outburst against them by Bustamante. Abispa de Chilpancingo, 59. See also his Necesidad, in Pap. Var., xlvi. MS., 8, and his Tracts, 41-2. He overlooks that they acted with a motive which to them was pure. They were made tools by a superior mind. By a viceregal decree issued at their request in December 1537, no slaves were allowed. within their territory. Pacheco and Cárdenas, Col. Doc., ii. 202.
- ↑ See Hist. Cent. Am., i. 397-9, this series.
