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The Exeter Book (Jebson)/Precepts

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2519215The Exeter Book — Precepts1995Tony Jebson

Precepts

Verse Indeterminate Saxon

ðus frod fæder         freobearn lærde,
modsnottor mon,         maga cystum eald,
wordum wisfæstum,         þæt he wel þunge:
"Do a þætte duge,         deag þin gewyrhtu;
5
god þe biþ symle         goda gehwylces
frea ond fultum,         feond þam oþrum
wyrsan gewyrhta.         Wene þec þy betran,
efn elne þis         a þenden þu lifge.
Fæder ond modor         freo þu mid heortan,
10
maga gehwylcne,         gif him sy meotud on lufan.
Wes þu þinum yldrum         arfæst symle,
fægerwyrde,         ond þe in ferðe læt
þine lareowas         leofe in mode,
þa þec geornast         to gode trymmen."
15
Fæder eft his sunu         frod gegrette
oþre siþe:         "Heald elne þis!
Ne freme firene,         ne næfre freonde þinum,
mæge man ne geþafa,         þy læs þec meotud oncunne,
þæt þu sy wommes gewita.         He þe mid wite gieldeð,
20
swylce þam oþrum         mid eadwelan."
ðriddan syþe         þoncsnottor guma
breostgehygdum         his bearn lærde:
"Ne gewuna wyrsa,         widan feore,
ængum eahta,         ac þu þe anne genim
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to gesprecan symle         spella ond lara
rædhycgende.         Sy ymb rice swa hit mæge."
Feorþan siðe         fæder eft lærde
modleofne magan,         þæt he gemunde þis:
"Ne aswic sundorwine,         ac a symle geheald
30
ryhtum gerisnum.         Ræfn elne þis,
þæt þu næfre fæcne weorðe         freonde þinum."
Fiftan siþe         fæder eft ongon
breostgeþoncum         his bearn læran:
"Druncen beorg þe         ond dollic word,
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man on mode         ond in muþe lyge,
yrre ond æfeste         ond idese lufan.
Forðon sceal æwiscmod         oft siþian,
se þe gewiteð         in wifes lufan,
fremdre meowlan.         þær bið a firena wen,
40
laðlicre scome,         long nið wið god,
geotende gielp.         Wes þu a giedda wis,
wær wið willan,         worda hyrde."
Siextan siþe         swæs eft ongon
þurh bliðne geþoht         his bearn læran:
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"Ongiet georne         hwæt sy god oþþe yfel,
ond toscead simle         scearpe mode
in sefan þinum         ond þe a þæt selle geceos.
A þe bið gedæled;         gif þe deah hyge,
wunað wisdom in,         ond þu wast geare
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ondgit yfles,         heald þe elne wið,
feorma þu symle         in þinum ferðe god."
Seofeþan siþe         his sunu lærde
fæder, frod guma,         sægde fela geongum:
"Seldan snottor guma         sorgleas blissað,
55
swylce dol seldon         drymeð sorgful
ymb his forðgesceaft,         nefne he fæhþe wite.
Wærwyrde sceal         wisfæst hæle
breostum hycgan,         nales breahtme hlud."
Eahtoþan siþe         eald fæder ongon
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his mago monian         mildum wordum:
"Leorna lare         lærgedefe,
wene þec in wisdom,         weoruda scyppend
hafa þe to hyhte,         haligra gemynd,
ond a soð to syge,         þonne þu secge hwæt."
65
Nigeþan siþe         nægde se gomola,
eald uðwita         sægde eaforan worn:
"Nis nu fela folca         þætte fyrngewritu
healdan wille,         ac him hyge brosnað,
ellen colað,         idlað þeodscype;
70
ne habbað wiht for þæt,         þeah hi wom don
ofer meotudes bibod.         Monig sceal ongieldan
sawelsusles.         Ac læt þinne sefan healdan
forð fyrngewritu         ond frean domas,
þa þe her on mægðe gehwære         men forlætaþ
75
swiþor asigan,         þonne him sy sylfum ryht."
Teoþan siþe         tornsorgna ful,
eald eft ongon         eaforan læran:
"Snyttra bruceþ         þe fore sawle lufan
warnað him wommas         worda ond dæda
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on sefan symle         ond soþ fremeð;
bið him geofona gehwylc         gode geyced,
meahtum spedig,         þonne he mon flyhð.
Yrre ne læt þe         æfre gewealdan,
heah in hreþre,         heoroworda grund
85
wylme bismitan,         ac him warnað þæt
on geheortum hyge.         Hæle sceal wisfæst
ond gemetlice,         modes snottor,
gleaw in gehygdum,         georn wisdomes,
swa he wið ælda mæg         eades hleotan.
90
Ne beo þu no to tælende,         ne to tweospræce,
ne þe on mode læt         men to fracoþe,
ac beo leofwende,         leoht on gehygdum
ber breostcofan.         Swa þu, min bearn, gemyne
frode fæder lare         ond þec a wið firenum geheald."