Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute/Volume 26

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE

TRANSACTIONS

AND

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE,

1893

VOL. XXVI.

(Ninth of New Series)

EDITED AND PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE INSTITUTE,

By

SIR JAMES HECTOR, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R.S.

Director

Issued May, 1894.

WELLINGTON:

SAMUEL COSTALL, GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

TRÜBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL, LONDON E.C.

CORRIGENDA.

---

Page 397, line 23: for Island Bay read Lyall Bay.

Art. LIII.: throughout, for Nova Auriga read Nova Aurigæ.

CONTENTS.

---

TRANSACTIONS.

---

I.—Zoology.
			PAGES.
Art.	I.	Contribution to the Osteology of the Aborigines of pages New Zealand and of the Chatham Islands. By John H. Scott, M.D., Professor of Anatomy in the University of Otago	1–64
	II.	Further Coccid Notes: with Descriptions of several New Species, and Discussion of various Points of Interest. By W. M. Maskell, Registrar of the University of New Zealand, Corr. Mem. Royal Society of South Australia	65–105
	III.	Notes on New Zealand Neuroptera. By G. V. Hudson, F.E.S.	105–106
	IV.	Description of a Large Species of Iulus. By W. Colenso, F.R.S., F.L.S. (Lond.), &c.	106
	V.	Notes on Spiders. By Major-General Schaw, C.B., R.E.	107–108
	VI.	Description of a New Species of Ophiuridæ. By H. Farquhar	109–111
	VII.	On the Anatomy of the Pig-fish (Agriopus leucopæcilus). By Andrew Stenhouse, M.A. (from the Biological Laboratory of the University of Otago): communicated by Professor T. J. Parker	111–120
	VIII.	Further Contributions to the Knowledge of the Molluscan Fauna of New Zealand, with Descriptions of Eight New Species. By Henry Suter: communicated by Professor Hutton	121–138
	IX.	Check-list of the New Zealand Land and Freshwater Mollusca. By Henry Suter: communicated by Professor Hutton	139–154
	X.	Further Notes on New Zealand Earthworms. By W. W. Smith: communicated by A. Hamilton	155–175
	XI.	Contribution to a Knowledge of the New Zealand Sponges. By H. B. Kirk, M.A.	175–179
	XII.	On a New Rail from the Auckland Islands. By the Hon. Walter Rothschild: communicated by Captain F. W. Hutton, F.R.S.	180
	XIII.	Brief Ornithological Notes. By T. W. Kirk, F.L.S.	181
	XIV.	On the Birds observed during a Voyage from New Zealand to England, and Notes made on the Return Voyage from Plymouth to Auckland by way of the Cape of Good Hope. By Sir Walter L. Buller, K.C.M.G., D.Sc., F.R.S.	182–199
	XV.	On the Importance of New Zealand Biological Collections. By G. V. Hudson, F.E.S.	199–203
	XVI.	Descriptions of New Species of Araneæ. By A. T. Urquhart, Corr. Mem. Roy. Soc. of Tasmania	204–218
	XVII.	Notes on the New Zealand Bats. By T. F. Cheeseman, F.L.S.	218–222
	XVIII.	Note on the Occurrence of Lophotes in New Zealand Waters. By T. Jeffery Parker, D.Sc, F.R.S.	223
	XIX.	Notes on Three Moa-skulls, probably referable to the Genus Pachyornis. By Professor T. Jeffery Parker	223-225
	XX.	Result of a Further Exploration of the Bone-fissure at the Castle Rocks, Southland. By A. Hamilton	226–229
	XXI.	Materials for a Bibliography of the Dinornithidæ, the Great Extinct Birds of New Zealand, usually called Moas. By A. Hamilton	229–257
II.–Botany.
	XXII.	Description of a New Species of Pimelea. By T. Kirk, F.L.S.	259–260
	XXIII.	Description of New Cyperaceous Plants, chiefly from the Nelson Provincial District. By T. Kirk	260–263
	XXIV.	Remarks on the New Zealand Sow-thistles, with Description of a New Species. By T. Kirk	263–266
	XXV.	Descriptions of New Native Plants, &c. By D. Petrie, M.A., F.L.S.	266–274
	XXVI.	On Four New Species of New Zealand Musci. By T. W. Naylor Beckett, F.L.S.	274–277
	XXVII.	On some Little-known New Zealand Mosses. By T. W. Naylor Beckett	277–288
	XXVIII.	Notes on New Zealand Mosses: Genus Pottia. By R. Brown	288–296
	XXIX.	Musci: Notes on the Genus Gymnostonium, with Descriptions of New Species. By R. Brown	296–301
	XXX.	Notes on some New Species of New Zealand Musci: Genus Phascum. By R. Brown	302–304
	XXXI.	On Lessonia variegata, J. Ag., Mscr. By Robert M. Laing, B.Sc.	304–310
	XXXII.	On the Occurrence of Xanthium strumarium, Linn., in New Zealand. By T. W. Kirk, F.L.S.	310–313
	XXXIII.	Phænogams: A Description of a few Newly-discovered Indigenous Plants; being a Further Contribution towards the making known the Botany of New Zealand. By William Colenso, F.R.S., F.L.S. (Lond.), &c.	313–320
	XXXIV.	A List of Fungi recently collected in the Bush District, County of Waipawa; being a Further Contribution to the Indigenous Flora of New Zealand. By W. Colenso	320–323
	XXXV.	Notes, Remarks, and Reminiscences of Two Peculiar Introduced and Naturalised South American Plants. By W. Colenso	323–332
	XXXVI.	On Four Notable Foreign Plants. By W. Colenso	333–346
III.–Geology.
	XXXVII.	The Nelson Earthquake of the 12th February, 1893. By George Hogben	347-354
	XXXVIII.	On a New Plesiosaur from the Waipara River. By Captain F. W. Hutton, F.R.S., Curator of the Canterbury Museum	354–358
	XXXIX.	On Conchothyra parasitica. By Captain F. W. Hutton 358–359
	XL.	Notes on the Geology of Kuaotunu Goldfields. By James Park, F.G.S., Lecturer, Thames School of Mines	360–364
	XLI.	On the Occurrence of some Rare Minerals in New Zealand. By James Park	365–367
	XLII.	Tridymito-Trachyte of Lyttelton. By P. Marshall, M.A., B.Sc, Lecturer on Natural Science, Lincoln Agricultural College	368–387
	XLIII.	The Volcanic Outburst at Te Mari, Tongariro, in November, 1892. By H. Hill, F.G.S.	388–392
	XLIV.	Notes on the Geology of the Country between Dannevirke and Wainui, Hawke's Bay. By H. Hill	392–396
	XLV.	Pebbles and Drifting Sand. By E. W. Andrews	397
	XLVI.	Notes on the Piako and Waikato River-basins. By Lawrence Cusson	398–407
	XLVII.	On a Doleritic Dyke at Dyer's Pass. By R. Speight, M.A.	408–414
	XLVIII.	Geology of Nelson. By W. F. Worley	414–421
IV.—Miscellaneous.
	XLIX.	Maori Implements and Weapons. By T. H. Smith	423–452
	L.	Why should School-teaching provide only for the Counter or the Desk? By James Adams, B.A.	452–460
	LI.	Description of a Compound Seismograph. By W. Alx Carew	461–462
	LII.	The Effect of Current Electricity on Plant-growth: Further Experiments. By H. N. McLeod	463–464
	LIII.	Some Recent Evidence in favour of Impact. By A. W. Bickerton	464–476
	LIV.	A New and Simple Graphic Method of projecting Occultations and Solar Eclipses not hitherto published. By T. B. Harding: communicated by R. C. Harding	477–480
	LV.	A Further Note on Rainbows. By T. B. Harding: communicated by R. C. Harding	481–483
	LVI.	"More Last Words": being an Appendix to several Papers read here during Past Sessions on the Volcanic Mountain-range of Tongariro and Ruapehu, with its adjoining District. By W. Colenso, F.R.S., F.L.S. (Lond.), &c.	483–498
	LVII.	Notes and Observations on M. A. de Quatrefages' Paper "On Moas and Moa-hunters," republished in Vol. XXV. of Transactions of the New Zealand Institute. By W. Colenso	498–513
	LVIII.	A Maori Pa at Lake Te Anau. By Taylor White	513–515
	LIX.	Note on the supposed Fire-drill found in the Cave at Moa-bone Point, Sumner. By Captain F. W. Hutton, F.R.S., Curator of the Canterbury Museum	516–517
	LX.	The Disposal of Sewage by Application to the Soil (Sewage Farming). By Dr. Chapple	517–526
	LXI.	Tuberculosis in Man and Animals. By Dr. Chappie	526–533
	LXII.	Old Maori Civilisation. By E. Tregear	533–543
	LXIII.	Skeleton revealed by Dew. By Major-General Schaw, C.B., R.E.	544
	LXIV.	On a Remarkable Appearance of Two Triple Bows, seen at Invercargill. By Major-General Schaw	545–548
	LXV.	Tennyson and Browning: A Retrospect of Victorian Poetry. By Professor C. A. M. Pond	548–559
	LXVI.	The Date of the Extinction of the Moa. By H. C. Field	560–568
	LXVII.	Note on a curious Maori Flute in the Collection of the late Dr. Shortland. By Sir Walter L. Buller, K.C.M.G., F.R.S.	568–569
	LXVIII.	Note on a Remarkable Maori Implement in the Hunterian Museum at Glasgow. By Sir Walter L. Buller	570–572
	LXIX.	The Story of Papaitonga; or, A Page of Maori History. By Sir Walter L. Buller	572–584
	LXX.	Te Kuri maori (the Dog of New Zealand): A Reply to the Rev. W. Colenso. By Taylor White	585–600
	LXXI.	Spiders as Engineers. By Coleman Phillips	600–603
	LXXII.	On a Common Vital Force. By Coleman Phillips	604–619
	LXXIII.	Public Ferneries: A Suggestion. By the Rev. Philip Walsh	619–623
NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE.
Twenty-fifth Annual Report			627–628
Accounts for 1892–93			628
Memorandum regarding the New Zealand Institute: being an addition to the Annual Report presented 19th July, 1893			629–631
PROCEEDINGS.
WELLINGTON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.
Address by the President, Major-General Schaw, C.B., R.E.			635–649
Remarks on a Fiji Snake imported with Bananas. By Sir J. Hector			650
Remarks on a Tame Kea. By A. McKay			652
On Peripatus nova-zealandiæ. By Sir J. Hector			653
On Ossiferous Clay found at Queen Charlotte Sound. By E. Tregear			654
Remarks on Apteryx maxima. By E. O'H. Canavan			654–655
Exhibits described			655
Description of Rock-paintings at Albury. By F. Huddleston			657–658
On Mental Operations in Sleep. By R. C. Harding[1]			658–659
Exhibit of Minerals from Cheviot. By Sir J. Hector			659
Note on Phytomyza affinis, Fallen. By W. M. Maskell			663
Exhibits collected by Sir J. Hector in Tasmania			665
Abstract of Annual Report			665
Election of Officers for 1894			665
AUCKLAND INSTITUTE.
On a Puka (Meryta sinclairii) gnawed by Rats. By Professor F. D. Brown			667
On the Necessity for a good Maori Lexicon. By F. D. Fenton			667–668
On the Liquefaction of Gases. By Professor F. D. Brown			668
Notes on the Crater of White Island. By Captain Fairchild			668–669
On the Persistence of Savagery. By the Rev. J. Bates			669
On the British Empire in India. By the Right Rev. W. G. Cowie, D.D.			669
Note on the Nesting Habits of the Matuku or Bittern. By P. E. Cheal			670
Abstract of Annual Report			670–672
Election of Officers for 1894			672
Resolution as to securing Little Barrier Island as a Preserve for Native Birds			672
PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE OF CANTERBURY.
Chlorine a Cure for Consumption. By Professor Bickerton			673
A Simple System of Graphic Formulæ as applied to Organic Chemistry. By Professor Bickerton			673
On Nova Aurigæ in connection with the Theory of Cosmic Impact. By Professor Bickerton			674
Our Immortal Cosmos. By Professor Bickerton			675
Stability of Cosmic Spheres. By Professor Bickerton			675
Theory of Hail. By Professor Bickerton			675
Abstract of Annual Report			675
Election of Officers for 1894			675
OTAGO INSTITUTE.
Exhibits described			676
On Dredgings from the Bounty Islands. By A. Hamilton			677
Presentations and Additions to the Library			677
Exhibits described			677
On the Modes of Burial of the Maoris. By A. Hamilton			677
Models of Specimens of Natural Objects described by Professor Parker			677, 678
Observations on local Avifauna. By A. Wilson, M.A.			678
On the Development of the Chicken. By Professor Parker			678
On the Early History of New Zealand. By Dr. T. M. Hocken			678
Exhibit of Local Orchids. By A. Hamilton			679
On the Cultivation of the Auckland Islands Antherium. By F. R. Chapman			679
Abstract of Annual Report			679–680
Election of Officers for 1894			680
WESTLAND INSTITUTE.
Abstract of Annual Report and Balance-sheet			681
Election of Officers for 1894			681
HAWKE'S BAY PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTE.
Annual Address: On the New Mesmerism. By the President, Dr. Moore			682
A humble Precursor of Darwin: the Rev. Ezekiel Blomfield. By W. Dinwiddie			682
Forms of Burial: a Plea for Cremation. By P. S. McLean			683
Mohammedanism and its Present Relations with Christianity. By the Bishop of Waiapu			683
Some Difficulties of a Self-taught Student of Chemistry. By C. J. Cooke			683
How Spiders walk on Water. By Taylor White			683
Remarks on the Anniversary of Cook's Arrival at Hawke's Bay. By the Rev. W. Colenso, F.R.S.			683
Abstract of Annual Report			683–684
Election of Officers for 1894			684
NELSON PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.
List of Presentations			685
Abstract of Annual Report			685
Election of Officers for 1894			685
List of Presentations			686
The Massacre of St. Bartholomew. By R. T. Kingsley			686
Addendum to Proceedings of Wellington Philosophical Society			687–688
APPENDIX.
Meteorological Statistics for 1893			689
Notes on the Weather for 1893			690
Earthquakes reported in New Zealand during 1893			691
Honorary Members of the New Zealand Institute			692
Ordinary Members of the New Zealand Institute			693–701
Institutions and Individuals to whom this Volume is presented			702–706
Alphabetical Index			707–711
Corrigenda			iv.
Contents			v.–x.
List of Plates			xi.–xii.
Board of Governors of the New Zealand Institute			xiii.
Abstract of Rules and Statutes of the New Zealand Institute			xiii.–xv.
Roll of Incorporated Societies			xvi.
Officers of Incorporated Societies, and Extracts from the Rules			xvi.–xix.

---

---

LIST OF PLATES.

---

	Author		TO FACE PAGE
I.	Scott.— Diagram of Human Skull, and Explanation	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	16
II.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
III.	Maskell.—Coccids	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	104
IV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
V.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
VI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
VII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
VIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
IX.	Farquhar.—Amphiura rosea		110
X.	Stenhouse.—Agriopus leucopœcilus	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	120
XI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XIV.	Suter.—New Zealand Mollusca	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	136
XV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XVI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XVII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XIX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXII.	H. B. Kirk.—New Zealand Sponges		176
XXIII.	Hamilton.—Harpagornis Remains	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	276
XXIV.	{{{1}}}„ Anomalopteryx Remains
XXV.	Beckett.—New Zealand Mosses	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	276
XXVI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXVII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXIX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	288
XXX.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXa.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXb.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXc.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXI.	Brown.—New Zealand Mosses	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	296
XXXII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXIV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXV.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	300
XXXVI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXVII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XXXIX.	Laing.—Lessonia variegata	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	310
XL.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XLI.	Hogben.—Diagram of Nelson Earthquake of 12th February, 1893		352
XLII.	Hutton.—Cimoliosaurus caudalis		356
XLIII.	{{{1}}}„ Conchothyra parasitica		358
XLIV.	Marshall.—Chart of Lyttelton Harbour		368
XLV.	{{{1}}}„ Rock-sections	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	384
XLVI.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XLVII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XLVIII.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
XLIX.	Speight.—Rock-crystals	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	414
XLIXa.	{{{1}}}„{{{1}}}„
L.	{{{1}}}„ Map of Dyer's Pass Road		408
LI.	Buller.—Maori Implement		570
LII.	Bickerton.—To illustrate the Theory of Impact		476
LIII.	Harding.—To illustrate a Method of projecting Occultations and Solar Eclipses		480
LIV.	{{{1}}}„ Double Rainbow		482

---

---

1. See also pages 687–688.