Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/144

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comp. W. cloch, f., OIr. cloc, m., ‘bell, clock,’ (primit. Kelt. klukko). It is improbable that the Teut. word is the source of the Rom. and the Kelt. terms, because Teut. itself has usually borrowed the words relating to the Church and its institutions. The OKelt. and Rom. cognates in the form of klukka found their way into Teut.; the HG. forms (Swiss klokke, not χlokχe) may have been first adopted about 800 A.D., from LG. (AS.).

glosten, vb., ‘to glimmer,’ from MidHG. glosten (a variant of glosen), ‘to glow, shine’; allied to E. gloss, Scand. glossi; derived from the root glas appearing in Glas?.

glotzen, vb., ‘to stare,’ from the equiv. MidHG. glotzen; OHG. *glozzôn, Goth. *gluttôn are wanting; comp. E. to gloat, OIc. glotta, ‘to sneer’; perhaps primit. allied to OSlov. ględati, ‘to look, see.’

Glück, n., ‘luck, fortune, success, happiness,’ from MidHG. gelücke (by syncope glücke), n., ‘luck, accident’; OHG. *gilucchi is wanting; a specifically G. word which in the 14th cent. passed in the form into Scand. (Swed. lycka, Dan. lykke), and as luck into E. (from Du. geluk, ‘fortune’). On account of its meaning its connection with locken is dubious.

Glucke, f., ‘clucking-hen,’ with the variant Klucke (LG. Klukſe), from the equiv. MidHG. klucke. Comp. MidHG. glucken, klucken, ‘to cluck’; allied to Du. klokken, E. to cluck (AS. cloccian); apparently an onomatopoeic class which is found with corresponding sounds in Rom.; comp. Ital. chiocciare, Fr. glousser (Lat. glocire), ‘to cluck,’ Ital. chioccia, Span. clueca, ‘clucking-hen.’

Glufe, Guffe, f. (UpG. word), ‘pin,’ from the equiv. late MidHG. glufe, guffe, f.; origin obscure.

glühen, vb., ‘to glow,’ from the equiv. MidHG. glüen, glüejen, OHG. gluoen, wk. vb.; corresponding to AS. glôwan, E. to glow, Du. gloeijen, OIc. glóa, ‘to glow.’ From the Teut. root glô, glê, are also derived ModHG. Glut, MidHG. and OHG. gluot, f., to which Du. gloed, AS. gléd (Goth. *glô-di-), E. dial. gleed correspond, likewise AS. glôma, glômung, ‘twilight,’ E. gloom, OIc. glámr, ‘moon.’ With the Teut. root gló, glê (from pre-Teut. ghlū̆), Lith. zlejà, ‘twilight,’ is also connected.

Gnade, f., ‘grace, favour, mercy, pardon,’ from MidHG. gnâde, genâde, f., ‘bliss,

rest, condescension, support, favour, mercy,’ OHG. ginâda, f., ‘condescension, sympathy, compassion, mercy’; corresponding to OSax. ginâtha, nâtha, ‘favour, help,’ Du. genade, OIc. náð, f. (in the plur.), ‘rest.’ The meanings ‘favour, help,’ &c., are attested by the Goth. vb. niþan, ‘to support.’ To the Teut. root nē̆́þ (from Aryan nē̆́th) some assign the prim. meaning ‘to incline, decline,’ in order to elucidate ‘rest’ (in Scand.; comp. MidHG. diu sunne gienc ze gnâden, ‘zur Ruhe,’ i.e. ‘the sun set’). Comp. the cognates, Sans. root nâth, ‘to beg,’ nâthá, ‘help, refuge.’

Gnenn, m., ‘father’ (dial.). See Knän.

Gold, n., ‘gold,’ from the equiv. MidHG. golt(d), OHG. gold, n.; a common Teut. word; comp. OSax. gold, Du. goud, AS. and E. gold, OIc. goll, gull (for golþ-), Goth. gulþ, n., ‘gold,’ from pre-Teut. ghlto-, to which OSlov. zlato, Russ. zoloto (from zolto) are primit. allied; the word Silber is also common to Teut. and Slav. The primary sense of the root ghel, of which Gelt is a partic. derivative, is ‘to be yellow’; akin to Sans. hiraṇya, ‘gold,’ from hári, ‘gold yellow’; hence probably ModHG. gelb and glühen, with their cognates, are also primit. allied. In any case, Gr. χρῦσός has no connection with the Teut. word.

Golf, m., ‘gulf,’ from the equiv. late MidHG. golfe; the latter, like E. gulf, is derived from Fr. golfe, which, with its Rom. cognate (Ital. golfo), is based upon Gr. κόλφος (late κόλπος).

gönnen, vb., ‘to grant, not to begrudge, wish well to,’ from MidHG. gunnen, OHG. giunnan, ‘to grant willingly, bestow, allow’; OHG. and OSax. mostly unnan, in the same sense (in OHG. and MidHG. pret.-pres.); comp. Du. gunnen, AS. unnan, OIc. unna, The root is an; whether this is allied to Lat. amare, ‘to love,’ or to Gr. ὀνίνημι, ‘I use,’ or to the cognates of ahnden, is uncertain on account of its meaning; most probably Gr. προσ-ηνής, ‘inclined,’ and ἀπηνής ‘disaffected,’ are allied primitively. Comp. Gunst.

Gosse, f., ‘sink,’ first occurs in ModHG.; akin to gießen; it corresponds to LG. gote, Du. goot.

Gote, f., ‘godmother,’ from MidHG. gote, gotte, f., ‘‘godmother’ OHG. gota; besides these MidHG. göte, götte, m., godfather,’ occur. Probably OHG. *goto and gota are pet terms (comp. Base) for the co pounds gotfater, gotmuoter, gotsunu, gottoh-