Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/313

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root rô appears with the same meaning in the other Aryan languages, as rô, rē̆, er, ar; comp. OIr. rám, Lat. rê-mus, ‘oar’ (ratis, ‘raft’), Gr. ἐ-ρέ-της, ‘rower,’ τρι-ήρης, ‘trireme’; ἐρετμός, ‘oar,’ Sans. arítra-s, ‘oar’; also the Aryan root rê, ‘to push,’ in OSlov. rinąti, rějati, ‘to push,’ Sans. ar, ‘to drive.’ Moreover, E. oar, from AS. âr (OIc. âr) is the relic of another OTeut. term (whence Finn. airo, ‘oar’).

Ruf, m., ‘call, cry; report, fame, reputation,’ from the equiv. MidHG. ruof, OHG. ruof, m., for an earlier *hruof; corresponding to Goth. hrôps, m., ‘cry, clamour.’ —

rufen, vb., ‘to call out, cry,’ from the equiv. MidHG. ruofen, OHG. ruofan; corresponding to OSax. hrópan, Du. roepen, AS. hrôpan (wanting in E.), ‘to call out’; in Goth. hrôpjan, OHG. ruofen, ModHG. rüefen, wk. vb., with the same meaning. In the non-Teut. languages there are no terms corresponding to the Teut. root hrôp. See ruchtbar.

rügen, vb., ‘to denounce, censure, reprove,’ from MidHG. rüegen, OHG. ruogen, ‘to accuse, charge with, blame,’ for an earlier wrogjan; comp. Goth. wrôhjan, OSax. wrôgjan, AS. wrêgan, ‘to accuse, charge with.’ Allied to ModHG. Rüge, ‘censure, blame, crime,’ MidHG. rüege, Goth. wrôhs, ‘accusation,’ OSax. wrôht, ‘strife,’ AS. wrôht, ‘accusation, strife, crime.’ The Goth. forms with h compared with the g in the other terms point to Aryan k, which was the cause of the grammatical change of h to g. An Aryan root wrôk, wrâk, has not yet been discovered.

Ruhe, f., ‘rest, repose, calm, peace,’ from the equiv. MidHG. ruowe, OHG. ruowa, f. (also MidHG. râwe, OHG. râwa, in the same sense); comp. OIc. ró, AS. rôw, f., ‘rest.’ Goth. *rôwa (with the graded form *rêwa) corresponds exactly to Gr. ἐ-ρωή, ‘desisting, ceasing, rest,’ from Aryan rôwâ; the root rô contained in these words is probably allied to ra- in ModHG. Rast; yet the East MidG. Ruge used by Luther presents a difficulty. —

ruhen, vb., ‘to rest, repose, be calm,’ from the equiv. MidHG. ruowen (râwên), OHG. ruowên (râwên); a denom. of Ruhe.

Ruhm, m., ‘fame, celebrity; rumour,’ from MidHG. ruom (ruon), m., ‘fame, honour, praise,’ OHG. ruon, earlier hruom, m.; comp. OSax. hrôm, m., ‘fame,’ Du. roem. From the root hrô are derived, with a different suffix, the equiv. OIc. hróðr, m.,

AS. hrêþ, m., OHG. hruod-, ruod-, in compounds like Rudolf, Robert, &c.; also Goth. hrôþeigs, ‘victorious.’ The Teut. root hrô is based on Aryan kar, krā̆, to which Sans. kir, ‘to commend,’ and kîrtí, ‘fame,’ are allied.

Ruhr, f., ‘stir, disorder, diarrhœa, dysentery,’ from the equiv. MidHG. ruor, ruore, f., lit. ‘violent, hasty motion’; allied to rühren; comp. MidHG. ruortranc, ‘purgative.’ The general meaning ‘‘violent motion’ is still preserved in the compound Aufruhr, ‘riot.’

rühren, vb., ‘to stir, move (the feelings); touch,’ from MidHG. ruërn, OHG. ruorern, ‘to put in motion, incite, stir up, bestir oneself, mix, touch’; comp. OSax. hrôrian, ‘to move, stir, Du. roeren, AS. hrêran (to which AS. hrêremûs, E. reremouse, is allied), OIc. hrœ́ra. We have probably to assume Goth. *hrôzjan, to which hrisjan, ‘to shake,’ and OIc. hress, ‘quick,’ are perhaps allied. See Ruhr. The Teut. root hrôs (Aryan krâs) has no cognate terms in the other groups.

rülpsen, vb., ‘to belch, eructate,’ ModHG. only, early ModHG. rülzen; of obscure origin. Yet late MidHG. rülz, ‘coarse fellow, peasant,’ seems to be allied.

Rum, m., late ModHG. from the equiv. E. rum, whence also Fr. rhum, rum. The source of the word is said to be some American language; formerly it was wrongly derived from Sans. rôma, ‘water.’

Rummel, m., ‘rumble, din, lumber, lump,’ ModHG. only, from LG. rummel, ‘heap’ Du. rommelen, ‘to tumble,’ rommelzo, ‘medley’; see rumpeln. In the sense of ‘noise’ ModHG. Rummel is connected with Du. rommelen, ‘to rattle, roar, drink (of beasts),’ to which OIc. rymja, ‘to roar, make a noise,’ must be related.

rumpeln, vb., ‘to rumble, rummage, throw into confusion,’ from MidHG. rumpeln, ‘to make a noise or din, fall with a clatter’; probably an intensive form on account of the p. Comp. the equiv. MidE. romblen, E. to rumble; allied to Du. rommelen, ‘to make a noise,’ the mb being assimilated to mm; hence Rummel means ‘lumber.’

Rumpf, m., ‘trunk, body,’ from the equiv. MidHG. (MidG.) rumph, m.; in UpG. and MidG. botech, OHG. botah (AS. bodig, E. body). Comp. LG. rump, Du. romp, ‘trunk,’ MidE. rumpe, E. rump, Scand. rumpr, ‘rump.’ Allied to rümpfen?.