Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/327

---

give,’ could be developed from this (similarly ModHG. gefallen attests the importance of dice-playing in Teut. life; comp. also zechen). The prim. meaning appears in AS. sčęnčan, OFris. skenka, OIc. skenkja; from Teut. is also formed OFr. escancer, ‘to pour in.’ Goth. *skagkjan is wanting. Some etymologists regard the common Teut. vb. as a derivative of AS. sčęonc, sčę́onca, ‘shank,’ assuming that shanks were used as taps in the earliest times; hence schenken would mean lit. ‘to put the tap in a cask.’ See the next word.

Schenkel, m., ‘thigh, shank,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schęnkel, m.; comp. Du. schenkel; unknown to OHG. as well as to the other OTeut. dials. A dimin. of AS. sčę́onca (see schenken), E. shank, which is further connected with ModHG. Schinken; comp. also Du. schonk, ‘bones in meat,’ Swed. skånk, Dan. skank.

schenken, see Schenk.

Scherbe, f., ‘fragment, sherd, flowerpot,’ from MidHG. schërbe, schirbe, OHG. scirbi, f. and n., ‘sherd, fragment, earthenware pot’; comp. Du. scherf, f., ‘sherd’; a derivative of pre-Teut. skerpo-; comp. OSlov. črěpŭ, ‘sherd,’ Lett. schkirpta, ‘notch,’ schkérpele, ‘splinter of wood.’ Akin to Scherflein?.

Schere (1.), f., ‘scissors, shears,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schœre, f., which is probably plur., OHG. scârî, plur. of skar and skâra, ‘shears’; with regard to the plur. comp. Ital. cesoje and forbici, plur., Fr. ciseaux, equiv. to E. scissors. In Sans. the word was of course dual; comp. bhuríjâ (Rig-Veda), dual ‘shears.’ Comp. Du. schaar, MidE. schêre, E. shears (plur.), and the equiv. OIc. skœ́re, neut. plur. See scheren.

Schere (2.), f., ‘rock, reef,’ ModHG. only, formed from the equiv. Swed. skär (Dan. skjœr), n.; comp. OIc. sker, ‘cliff.’

scheren, vb., ‘to shear, fleece, molest,’ from MidHG. schërn, OHG. scëran, ‘to shear, cut off’; comp. Du. scheren, AS. sčëran, ‘to shear, cut or hew to pieces,’ E. to shear, OIc. skera, ‘to cut, shear, slaughter.’ The prim. meaning of the root sker contained in these vbs. is ‘to cut or hew to pieces’ (comp. Lith. skírti, ‘to sever,’ skarà, ‘rag’), as is shown by the OTeut. skarda-, ‘hewn or cut to pieces,’ which originated in skṛ-tó- (see Scharte). Yet the meaning ‘to shear’ is very old; comp. the derivative Schere. The root sker (whence Sans.

kšurás, ‘razor’?) appears in Gr. as ker in κείρω, ‘I shear.’

Scherflein, n., ‘mite’ (coin), from the MidHG. schërf, OHG. scërf, n., ‘mite, very small coin’; comp. MidLG. scharf, schërf, ‘one-seventeenth of a penny’; allied to AS. sčeorfan, ‘to tear off’?. Comp. for a similar development of meaning ModHG. Deut, as well as Gr. κέρμα, lit. ‘part cut off,’ then ‘small coin.’ Scherbe is scarcely allied.

Scherge, m., ‘beadle, sergeant,’ from MidHG. schęrge, schęrje, m. (for the change of rg to rj, ModHG. rg, see Ferge ‘usher (of a court), bailiff, beadle’ OHG. scęrjo, scario, scaro, ‘captain, leader of a troop’; a derivative of Schar.

Scherz, m., ‘joke, jest,’ from MidHG. schërz, m., ‘pleasure, play’; allied to ModHG. scherzen, vb., from MidHG. schërzen, ‘to cut capers, hop, amuse oneself’; comp. MidHG. scharz, ‘leap.’ These cognates, which are found neither in the MidHG. classical writers, in OHG., nor in OTeut. generally, are met with, however, in Ital. scherzare, ‘to jest,’ borrowed from G.

Scheu, f., ‘shyness, reserve, timidity,’ from MidHG. schiuhe, f., ‘shyness, horror,’ also ‘bugbear, scarecrow,’ whence ModHG. Scheuche. Allied to scheuen, scheuchen, vb., from MidHG. schiahen, ‘to be shy of, avoid, scare or chase away,’ OHG. sciuhen. Both the noun and vb. are derivatives of MidHG. schiech, OHG. *scioh, ‘shy, bashful.’ ModHG. scheu, adj., is based anew on the vb.; comp. AS. sčeóh, ‘timid,’ to which E. shy is allied; Du. schuw, ‘timid, shy.’ From the G. cognates Ital. schivare, ‘to avoid,’ is derived. See Scheusal.

Scheuer, f. (in Bav. and East Suab. Stadel), ‘barn, shed,’ from the equiv. MidHG. schiure, OHG. sciura, f.; a derivative of OHG. scûr, MidHG. schûr, ‘penthouse, protection,’ ModHG. (dial.) Schauer. Comp. OIc. skjól, n., ‘place of refuge, shelter,’ skaunn, m., ‘shield.’ The Aryan root, skū̆, ‘to cover, protect’ (comp. Schaum), contained in these words, is widely diffused; comp. Lat. scûtum, ‘shield,’ Gr. σκῦ-λον, ‘armour,’ Lat. ob-scûr-rus, ‘dark’ (covered), and the Sans. root sku ‘to cover.’ See Scheune and Schote.

scheuern, vb. ‘to scour, rub,’ early ModHG. (unknown to UpG., the term used being fegen), formed from MidG. and LG. schüren; comp. Du. schuren (MidE. scouren, E. to scour, borrowed from Du.?), Dan. skure, Swed. skura. Although the