Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/347

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is not probable. The genuine G. word for the UpG. Schuster is MidHG. schuochwürhte (allied to wirken), which has been preserved only in the proper names Schuchart or Schubert.

Schuß, m., ‘shot, report, charge,’ from MidHG. schuȥ (ȥȥ), OHG. scuȥ (ȥȥ), m., ‘shot’; allied to the root skū̆t, ‘to shoot.’ See schießen.

Schüte, f., ‘barge, ferryboat,’ ModHG. only, derived, like Du. schuit and E. skute, from OIc. skúta, f., ‘small swift boat.’ Allied to the root skū̆t, ‘to shoot’ (see schießen). With regard to ModHG. ü comp. Büse.

Schutt, m., ‘rubbish, refuse, debris,’ ModHG. only; in MidHG., schüt, f., ‘alluvium, deposition (of soil), rubbish’; allied to ModHG. schütten, ‘to shed, pour, discharge, heap up,’ MidHG. schüten, ‘to shake, swing, shed’; OHG. scutten, scuten (Ital. scotolare, ‘to beat flax’); comp. OSax. skuddian, ‘to shake, convulse,’ Du. schudden, ‘to shake, convulse.’ Teut. root skū̆d, ‘to convulse, shake,’ with which MidHG. and ModHG. schütteln, OHG. scutilôn, and ModHG. schüttern are connected as frequentatives. See schaudern.

Schutz, m., ‘protection, defence, dike, fence,’ from MidHG. schuz (tz), m., ‘surrounding with a dike, protection,’ allied to ModHG. schützen.

Schütze, m., ‘marksman, archer,’ from MidHG. schütze, m., ‘cross-bowman,’ also late MidHG., ‘beginner, young pupil’ (to which ModHG. ABC-schütze, ‘pupil beginning to read, tyro,’ is allied); OHG. scuzzo, m., ‘sagitarius’ (equiv. to AS. sčytta, Goth. *skutja). Allied to the root skū̆t; see schießen.

schützen, vb., ‘to protect, guard, defend, shelter,’ from MidHG. schützen, ‘to embank, dam up, protect,’ which, according to MidHG. beschüten, ‘to protect,’ implies OHG. *skutisôn. The prim. meaning is evident from MidHG. schüte, schüt, f., ‘earth-wall’ which is identical with Schutt.

schwach, adj., ‘weak, infirm, feeble,’ from MidHG. swach, adj., ‘low, poor, despised, weak, infirm’; wanting in OHG. as well as in the other Teut. dials. The usual derivation from a Teut. root swek, ‘to swell’ (schwach, orig. ‘that which has lost its savour’), must be abandoned; schwach is rather allied to siech, so that the Teut. roots suk, swak, are to be assumed (comp. the following word).

Schwaden, Schwadem, m., ‘vapour,

damp, exhalation,’ from MidHG. swadem, swaden, m., ‘vapour’; allied to North Fris. swesh, AS. swaðul, m., ‘smoky vapour,’ OHG. swëdan, ‘to burn slowly with a smoky flame.’ The Teut. root sweþ contained in these words seems to correspond to the root sū̆þ contained in sieden (comp. suk, swak, under the preceding word; see toll).

Schwadron, f., ‘squadron,’ ModHG. only, formed from the equiv. Ital. squadrone (Fr. escadron). —

schwadronieren, see schwätzen.

Schwager, m., ‘brother-in-law,’ from MidHG. and MidLG. swâger, m., ‘brother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law’ (with regard to the variation in meaning see Neffe); OHG. *swâgar is not recorded; a specifically G. word, unknown to the OTeut. dials. Since the word is cognate with Schwaher and Schwieger, and has also an archaic gradation, an Aryan form swêkró-s may be assumed for Schwager (note OIc. svœ́ra, from *swâhrjon, ‘mother-in-law’). See the following word.

Schwäher, m., ‘father-in-law,’ from MidHG. swëher, OHG. swëhur, m., ‘father-in-law,’ late OHG. also ‘brother-in-law’; comp. AS. sweór (from sweohor), ‘father-in-law’ (obsolete even at the end of the AS. period), Goth. swaihra, ‘father-in-law.’ A primit. Teut. and old Aryan word, with the primary form swekros, swekuros; comp. Gr. ἑκυρός, Lat. socer (for *swecuro-), Sans. çváçuras (tor *svaçuras), OSlov. swkrŭ, Lith. szészuras, ‘father-in-law.’ The orig. sense of the common Aryan word cannot be ascertained; it is, however, cognate with Schwager (Aryan swêkrós) and Schwester (Aryan swésô). Corresponding to the now almost obsolete Schwäher, there has existed from primit. Teut. times a fem. swekrũ, ‘mother-in-law,’ just as from Sans. çvaçrũ (for *svaçrũ) are derived Lat. socrûs (for *swecrus), Gr. ἑκυρά (the Goth. form must have been *swigrus, f., for which swaíhrô is used). The word was current in AS. as swëger, which also became obsolete at an early period. Only in G. was it retained, OHG. swigar, MidHG. swiger, f., ‘mother-in-law,’ from which ModHG., constructed the tautological compound Schwiegermutter, while the corresponding ModHG. masc. Swiegervater, formed from the latter, supplanted tho old term Schwäher; similarly we have the compounds Schwiegereltern, -sohn, -tochter, &c. It is evident that the mother-in-law