Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/375

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(perhaps contemporaneously with Pfund, Sack, Münze, &c.) from MidLat. strâta (scil. via, lit. ‘paved road’) before the Lat. t was softened to d in Rom.; comp. Ital. strada, Span. estrada, Fr. (dial.) étrée, to which OIr, sráth, ‘street,’ is allied.

sträuben, vb., ‘to ruffle or bristle up, resist,’ from *striuben (for which striubeln occurs), OHG. strûben, wk. vb., also MidHG. strûben, OHG. strûbên, ‘to stand motionless, look fixedly, rise aloft, bristle up, resist.’ Comp. MidHG. strûp (b), ‘bristling up,’ strobeleht, strûbeleht, ‘bristly.’ To this streifen is allied. In the non-Teut. languages indubitable cognates of the genuine Teut. root strū̆b, ‘to be coarse,’ are wanting; yet comp. Gr. στρυφνὸς, ‘bitter, firm, stout’?.

Strauch, m., ‘shrub, bush,’ from the equiv. MidHG. strûch, m. (to which the ModHG. collective Gesträuck is allied); wanting in OHG. Corresponding to Du. struik, ‘shrub’ (also Du. stronk, ‘shrub,’ equiv. to LG. Strunk, with a nasalised root syllable). The stem is not found in other languages; the relation of the cognates of ModHG. straucheln is dubious.

straucheln, vb., ‘to stumble,’ from the equiv. MidHG. strûcheln, an intensive form of OHG. strûhhên, strûhhôn, ‘to stumble’; it corresponds to the equiv. Du. struikelen. To this is allied the root vb. OIc. strjúka, ‘to stroke, rub’; but ModHG. Strauch is scarcely connected with this Teut. root strū̆k, ‘to glide’ (at all events straucheln is not ‘to entangle oneself in bushes’). It is uncertain whether Gr. στρεύγεσθαι, ‘to grow tired,’ is a cognate.

Strauß (1.), m., ‘quarrel. conflict, fight,’ from the equiv. MidHG. strûȥ, m.; to this MidHG. striuȥen, ‘to resist,’ AS. strûtian, ‘to quarrel,’ is allied.

Strauß (2.), m., ‘crest, tuft, nosegay,’ from the equiv. late MidHG. *strûȥ, m., which may be inferred from gestriuȥe and striuȥach, ‘cluster of bushes.’

Strauß (3.), m., ‘ostrich,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. strûȥ, m.; it seems to be rather a corruption of late Lat. strûthio, ‘ostrich,’ on which AS. strŷta is based (comp. Ital. struzzo, Fr. autruche, whence E. ostrich), than a permutation of pre-HG. *strûto-. The word may have been borrowed contemporaneously with Pfau. On the other hand, a direct connection with Gr. στρουθίον, or rather ἡ μεγάλη στροῦθος, ‘ostrich’ (στροῦθος, ‘sparrow’), is impos-

sible. Moreover, it is remarkable that the Germans say Vogel Strauß, in the came way as the Fr. autruche (Span. av-estruz) from avistrutio, is liked with Lat. avis.

streben, vb., ‘to strive, struggle, endeavour,’ from MidHG. strëben, wk. vb., ‘to move violently, exert oneself, contend.’ The OHG. strong verb corresponding to the non-recorded wk. vb. *strëbên would be *strîban (*strîfan?), as is assumed by the Rom. loan-words. Comp. OFr. estriver, ‘to fight, wrestle,’ estrif, ‘contest,’ whence E. to strive, strife, are borrowed.

strecken, vb., ‘to stretch, extend,’ from MidHG. stręcken, OHG. stręcchen, wk. vb., ‘to straighten, make tense, extend, stretch’; corresponds to Du. strekken, AS. stręččęan, E. to stretch. The corresponding adj. strack (comp. also OHG. stracchên, ‘to be extended’), points to a Teut. root strak (for srak, a variant of rak in recken?), which is perhaps connected with the root of Strang and strenge. It is doubtful whether the HG. cognates are borrowed from Ital. straccare, ‘to exhaust, fatigue.’

streichen, vb., ‘to rub,’ from MidHG. strîchen, str. vb., ‘to smooth, make strokes, draw, rub, besmear,’ OHG. strîhhan, str. vb., ‘to rub.’ To this is allied the ModHG. wk. vb. streichen, from MidHG. streichen (OHG. streihhôn), wk. vb., ‘to graze, touch, stroke,’ as well as ModHG. Streich, m., from MidHG. streich, m., ‘blow, cut, stroke,’ and ModHG. Strich, m., from MidHG. and OHG. strich, m., ‘stroke, line’ (comp. Goth. striks). The correspondences in the other Teut. dialects are Du. strijken, AS. strîcan, E. to strike (whence stroke). With the pre-Teut. root strī̆g are connected Lat. stringere, ‘to strip off, unsheath, touch, graze slightly,’ Lat. striga, ‘stroke,’ OSlov. strigą (strišti), ‘to shear, cut off.’

Streifen, m., ‘stripe, streak,’ from late MidHG. streif, m., ‘expedition,’ allied to MidHG. streifen (streipfen), wk. vb., ‘to glide, march, roam’; comp. Du. strippen, ‘to strip off leaves’ (streep, ‘stripe, streak, stroke’). Further cognates are wanting.

streifen, vb., ‘to graze slightly, strip off,’ from MidHG. ströufen (stroufen), wk. vb., besides which a rare form, striefen, ‘to skin, flay, chastise,’ occurs. OHG. *stroufen and Goth. *straupjan are also indicated by Du. stroopen, ‘to strip, strip off leaves, make predatory excursions,’ AS. bestrŷpan, E. to strip. ModHG. sträuben is also more remotely allied. Prehistoric