Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/392

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word signified ‘he who serves the food.’ Yet MidHG. and OHG. truht is not used in the sense of ‘food’; it signifies ‘that which can be carried’ (a derivative of tragen), and might thus mean also ‘the food, served up.’ On account of MidHG. and OHG. truht, ‘crowd, troop,’ others with greater reason regard MidHG. truhsœȥe as ‘he who sits with the retainers (or at the head of the table), provides for their maintenance (hence dapifer) and assigns to them their places at table.’ The word is also found in LG. dialects; comp. LG. Drostei, ‘district of a Droste’ (high bailiff; MidDu. drossâte); Du. drossaard, ‘high bailiff.’

Trüffel, f., ‘truffle,’ ModHG. only; corresponding to Du. truffel, E. truffle, Fr. truffe, Span. trufa. The equiv. Ital. tartufo shows that the word is connected with Kartoffel, which see.

Trug, m., ‘deception, illusion,’ ModHG. only, allied to trügen, older triegen, which is derived from the equiv. MidHG. triegen, OHG. triogan, str. vb., corresponding to OSax. bidriogan, ‘to cheat, deceive.’ To these are allied Teut. draumo-, ‘phantom’ (see Traum), as well as OIc. draugr, ‘ghost,’ OSax. gidrog, MidHG. getroc (g), ‘ghost’ (comp. also Zwerg). The Teut. root drū̆g (dwerg), ‘to deceive,’ contained in these words, is based on an Aryan root dhrū̆gh (dhwergh), ‘to overreach, injure’; comp. Sans. druh, ‘to injure (by deceit, craftiness, or enchantment),’ OPers. drauga, ‘lie,’ Zend draoga, ‘lying’ (druj, ‘ghost’).

Truhe, f., ‘trunk, chest,’ from MidHG. truhe (*trucke is indicated by dial. Trucke), OHG. truha (truccha), f., ‘chest, cupboard,’ OIc. þró (from þrū̆h), and AS. þrûk, ‘chest, drawer,’ seem to be allied in meaning although the sounds do not entirely correspond. In any case Lat. truncus, ‘trunk’ (of a tree) is not allied. If AS. þrûh is not identical with HG. Truhe (MidLat. trucca), the latter may be connected with Trog; Truhe (lit. ‘wooden vessel’) would then be Aryan drū̆k- (drukn-).

Trumm, m., ‘end, stomp, fragment,’ which is found besides only in the plur. Trümmer, ‘fragments, ruins,’ is based on MidHG. and OHG. drum, n., ‘end, piece, end-piece, splinter’; comp. OIc. þrǫmr, ‘brim, edge, verge,’ E. (AS.) thrum, ‘end-piece.’ Teut. þramu- (þrumu-), from Aryan trmo-, has rightly been connected with Lat. terminus, Gr. τέρμα, ‘boundary, conclusion, end.’

Trumpf, m., ‘trump,’ ModHG. only, from the equiv. Fr. triomphe (Ital. trionfo), whence also Du. troef, E. trump; properly identical therefore with Lat. triumphus; hence lit. ‘triumphant, victorious card.’ Comp. Treff.

Trunk, m., ‘drink, draught,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. trunc, allied to trinken.

trunken, adj., ‘drunken, intoxicated,’ from the equiv. MidHG. trunken, OHG. trunchan. An old partic. without the prefix ge (see feist), and with an active sense too, ‘he who has drunk’ (comp. Lat. potus), then ‘he who has drunk immoderately’; similarly Du. dronken, E. drunk, and Goth. drugkans.

Trupp, m., ‘troop, band, gang,’ ModHG. only, from Ital. truppa.

Truthahn, m., ‘turkey-cock,’ ModHG. only; Trut is probably an imitation of the cry of the bird.

Tuch, n., ‘cloth, stuff; kerchief,’ from the equiv. MidHG. tuoch, OHG. tuoh (hh), m. and n.; comp. OLG. dôk, Du. doek, ‘cloth.’ To these is also allied OIc. dúkr, ‘cloth,’ whence E. duck (canvas). On account of the OIc. signification ‘table-cloth,’ Tuch has been compared with Goth. gadauka, ‘messmate.’ The early history of the West Teut. dôko-, ‘cloth’ (from pre-Teut. dhâgo-), is obscure.

tüchtig, adj., ‘fit, able, qualified, excellent,’ from MidHG. (MidG.) tühtic (g), ‘serviceable, brave, sturdy’; allied to MidHG. (MidG.) tuht, f., ‘ability, fitness,’ an abstract of ModHG. taugen (comp. also Tugend). Corresponding to Du. deugdelijk, AS. dyhtig, E. doughty.

Tücke, f., ‘trick, spite, malice,’ from MidHG. tücke; properly plur. of older ModHG. Tuck, MidHG. tuc(k), duc (ck), m., ‘blow, push, rapid movement, sly trick, sleight of hand, craftiness.’ The word is wanting in OHG. and the other OTeut. languages, hence its earlier form cannot be discovered.

Tuff, Tuffstein, m., ‘tufa, tuff,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. tufstein (tub-, tupf-stein); formed from Ital. tufo (Fr. tuf), based on Lat. tôphus.

Tugend, f., ‘virtue, chastity,’ from MidHG. tugent, tugende, f., ‘manly excellence, power, good quality, virtue’; OHG. tugund, f., as a derivative of tugan (see taugen), signifies lit. ‘serviceableness, fitness.’ Goth. *dugunþus (derivative unþu-, from pre--