GALENA 242 G ALICIA several years. He attended M. Aurelius and his two sons, Commodus and Sextus, and about the end of the 2d century was employed by the Emperor Severus. Ga- len was a voluminous writer not only on medical, but also on philosophical sub- jects, such as logic, ethics, and grammar. The works that are still extant under his name consist of 83 treatises that are acknowledged to be genuine; 19 whose genuineness has been questioned; 45 un- doubtedly spurious; 19 fragments; and 15 commentaries on different works of Hippocrates. His most important ana- tomical and physiological works are: "Of Anatomical Administrations" and "Of the Use of the Parts of the Human Body." As an anatomist, he combined with patient skill and sober observation as a practical dissecter — of lower ani- mals, not of the human body — accuracy of description and clearness of exposition as a writer. He is said to have died in Sicily, about A. D. 201. GALENA (PbS), the sulphide of lead, found both in masses and crystallized in cubes, but sometimes in truncated octa- hedra; its color is bluish-gray, like lead, but brighter. For the most part it con- tains about 86.6 per cent, of lead and 13.4 of sulphur, generally some silver and also antimony, zinc, iron, and bis- muth. Where the proportion of silver is high it is known as argentiferous galena, and worked with a view to the extraction of this metal. Galena occurs principally in the older or Primary rocks, being found in England mainly in the Mountain Limestone (base of the Car- boniferous formation). In the United States it is very abundant, the deposit of galena in which the mines of Illinois are situated being the most extensive and important hitherto discovered. GALENA, a city and county-seat of Jo Daviess co.. 111.; on the Galena river, near its junction with the Mississippi, and on the Illinois Central, the Chicago and Northwestern, and the Burlington and Chicago Great Western railroads; 165 miles W. of Chicago. It has steamer connections with all important river ports, and has numerous smelting, mar- ble, and stone works, foundries, bridge- works, machine shops, planing mills, and a large trade in farm and dairy prod- ucts, and live stock. It is noted as an early residence of General Grant and re- ceived its name from the numerous lead mines in the vicinity. Among points of interest in the city are its public parks, Grant Park, United States Marine Hos- pital, Custom House, and the Grant Homestead. The city has an abundant water supply from artesian wells, fine natural drainage, public high school, daily and weekly papers, National banks; Pop. (1919) 4,835; (1920) 4,742. GALEE.IUS (-le'ri-us),or GALEBIUS VALERIUS MAXIMIANT7S, a Roman emperor; born of humble parentage, near Sardica, Dacia. Entering the imperial army, he rose rapidly to the highest ranks. In 292 Diocletian conferred on him the title of Caesar, and gave him his daughter in marriage. In 296-297 he conducted a campaign against the Per- sians, in which he decisively defeated their king, Narses. On the abdication of Diocletian (305) he and Constantius Chlorus became joint rulers of the Ro- man empire, Galerius taking the E. half. When Constantius died in York (306) the troops in Britain and Gaul immedi- ately transferred their allegiance to his son, Constantine (afterward Constantine the Great). Galerius, however, retained possession of the E. till his death. He died in a. d. 311. GALESBURG, a city of Illinois, the county-seat of Knox co. It is on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe rail- roads. It is an important industrial com- munity and has the Burlington Railroad shops, stock yards, brick making plants, boiler and engine works, iron foundries, etc. It is the distributing point for the wholesale and jobbing trade of a large section. The city is notable for the num- ber of its educational institutions within its borders. These include Knox College, Lombard College, Corpus Christi Lyceum^ St. Mary's School, St. Joseph's Academy, and others. There are several excellent parks, hospitals, and a public library. Pop. (1910) 22,089; (1920) 23,834. GALICIA, formerlj^ a kingdom and afterward a province in Spain, bounded N. and W. by the Atlantic, S. by Portu- gal, and E. by Leon and Asturias, with an area of 11,340 squai'e miles. It has been divided since 1833 into the minor provinces of Coruna, Lugo, Orense, and Pontevedra, whose joint population is about 2,100,000. The country is moun- tainous, being traversed by offsets of the Asturian chain, rising in their highest peaks to about 6,500 feet. The W. spurs, Capes Ortegal and Finisterre, project into the Atlantic. The numerous short but rapid rivers form small estuaries which afford secure havens and roads. The principal river is the Minho, which, with its feeder, the Sil, is navigable for small vessels on its lower course. Galicia is one of the most fruitful portions of Europe, and has a mild, nourishing climate. Mines of lead, tin, copper, and iron pyrites are worked. The inhabitants, called Gallegos, are a robust, vigorous,
