LESSON XII
NOUNS IN -IUS AND -IUM
87. Nouns of the second declension in -ius and -ium end in -ī in the genitive singular, not in -iī, and the accent rests on the penult; as, fīlī from fīlius (son), praesi’dī from praesi’dium (garrison).
88. Proper names of persons in -ius, and fīlius, end in -ī in the vocative singular, not in -ĕ, and the accent rests on the penult; as, Vergi’lī, O Vergil; fīlī, O son.
- a. Observe that in these words the vocative and the genitive are alike.
89. praesidium (base praesidi-), n., garrison fīlius (base fīli-), m., son
Singular | ||
| Nom. | praesidium | fīlius |
| Gen. | praesi’dī | fīlī |
| Dat. | praesidiō | fīliō |
| Acc. | praesidium | fīlium |
| Abl. | praesidiō | fīliō |
| Voc. | praesidium | fīlī |
The plural is regular. Note that the -i- of the base is lost only in the genitive singular, and in the vocative of words like fīlius.
Decline together praesidium parvum; fīlius bonus; fluvius longus, the long river; proelium clārum, the famous battle.
90. EXERCISES
First learn the special vocabulary, p. 285.
- I.
- 1. Frūmentum bonae terrae, gladī malī, bellī longī.
- 2. Cōnstantia magna, praesidia magna, clāre Vergi’lī.
- 3. Male serve, Ō clārum oppidum, male fīlī, fīliī malī, fīlī malī.
- 4. Fluvī longī, fluviī longī, fluviōrum longōrum, fāma praesi’dī magnī.
- 5. Cum gladiīs parvīs, cum deābus clārīs, ad nautās clārōs.
- 6. Multōrum proeliōrum, praedae magnae, ad proelia dūra.
