This page needs to be proofread.
IX
CONTENTS. PAGE.
XII. Past Succesesion. The Ceneo-Sere Cont.
The Cenophyiic Era
- The Flora:
- Nature and origin 351
- Relation to Mesophytic and Paleophytic floras 351
- Inferences from distribution 352
- Inferences from phylogeny 353
- The Life-forms:
- The record 354
- Methods of inference 354
- Dominants 355
- Structure of the vegetation 356
- Climates and Habitats:
- Relation of habitat to climate 357
- Deformational and climatic cycles 359
- Periods and epochs 359
- The Ceneosere:
- The Cretaceous period 360
- Life-forms and dominants 361
- Cretaceous seres and coseres 363
- The Cretaceous-Eocene clisere:
- The deformation cycle 364
- Vegetation zones 365
- Dominants of the Eocene 366
- The Oligocene-Miocene clisere
- The deformation cycle 365
- Coseres and cliseres 366
- The Pleistocene cliseres and coseres
- The deformation cycle 368
- The causes of glaciation 368
- Glaclal-interglacial cycles 371
- The Pleistocene flora 371
- Pliocene climax zones 372
- The Jerseyan-Aftonian clisere 372
- Seres and coseres 376
- Postglacial succession 377
- The Peat Clistase 378
Mebeosere and Paleosere
The Mesophytic Era
- The flora 404
- Composition of the flora 404
- Life-forms and dominants 405
- Structure of the vegetation 406
- Deformation and climatic cycles 406
- Climate of the periods 408
The Meseosere
- Permian succession 409
- Triassic succession 411
- Jurassic succession 412
- The Cycadean climax 413
- Comanchean succession 414
The Paleophytic Era
- The flora 417
- Life-forms and dominants 419
- Structure of the vegetation 419
- Deformational cycles and climates 419
The Paleosere
- The sere 420
- The cosere 421
- The clisere 422
The Investigation of Succession
- Primary methods 423
- Special methods 424
The Quadrat Method
- Concept and significance 424
- Kinds of quadrats 425
- List quadrat 425
- Chart quadrat 426
- Permanent quadrat 427
- Denuded quadrat 429
- Quadrat series and sequences 429
- Various quadrats 430
- The transect 430
- The bisect 432
- The migration circle 433
Methods of Mapping
- Methods 435
- Community charts and ecotone maps 435
- Survey maps 436
- Climax maps 436
Instrumental Methods
- General considerations 437
- Measurement of reactions 438
- Measurement of water reactions 438
- Measurement of light reactions 439
Growth Methods
- Ring counts 440
- Burn-scars 441
