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Portal:Indo-Iranian languages and literature

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The Indo-Iranian language group constitutes the easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European family of languages. It consists of three language groups: the Indo-Aryan, Iranian and Nuristani. The term Aryan languages is occasionally still used to refer to the Indo-Iranian languages.

The classification of the Indo-Iranian languages within the Indo-European language family.

General

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Bengali

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See also Bengali Wikisource

Gujarati

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See also Gujarati Wikisource

Gujarati (ગુજરાતી Gujrātī?) is an Indo-Aryan language, and part of the greater Indo-European language family. It is derived from a language called Old Western Rajasthani (1100 - 1500 AD) which is the ancestor language of the modern Gujarati and Rajasthani languages. It is native to the Indian state of Gujarat, and is its chief language, as well as of the adjacent union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli.

Hindustani

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Hindustani in Sanskrit and Arabic script.
Hindustani

Standard Hindi

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See also the Hindi portal on central Wikisource

Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi (Devanagari: मानक हिन्दी), High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritised register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi and Uttar Pradesh region. It is one of the 22 official languages of India and is used as the primary official language of the Republic of India.

Standard Urdu

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See also the Urdu portal on central Wikisource

Standard Urdu is another standard register of the Hindustani language that retains more of the Persian, Arabic and Chagatai vocabulary in Hindustani and written in the Perso-Arabic script. Is is the official language of Pakistan and an official language in five Indian states.

Pàli

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See also the Pali portal on central Wikisource

Pāli (also Pāḷi) is a Middle Indo-Aryan language (or prakrit) of the Indian subcontinent. It is best known as the language of many of the earliest extant Buddhist scriptures, as collected in the Pāḷi Canon or Tipitaka, and as the liturgical language of Theravada Buddhism.

Persian

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Ink on paper. Response by Mirza Khalil Kamarei to the Vatican circa 1970 in Farsi (or Persian)
Persian
See also Persian Wikisource

Persian (local name: فارسی, Fārsi IPA: [fɒːɾˈsi], sometimes used in English) is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is widely spoken in Iran (and in the Iranian diaspora), Afghanistan (as Dari), Tajikistan (as Tajik), Pakistan (by Afghan immigrants), Uzbekistan and to some extent in Armenia, Iraq, Lebanon, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan and Bahrain.

Prakrit

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Prakrit (also transliterated as Pracrit) (Sanskrit: prākṛta प्राकृत (from pra-kṛti प्रकृति)) is the name for a group of Middle Indic, Indo-Aryan languages, derived from Old Indic dialects. The word, derived from its Indian root "Parikrit", itself has a flexible definition, being defined sometimes as, "original, natural, artless, normal, ordinary, usual", or "vernacular", in contrast to the literary and religious orthodoxy of saṃskṛtā. Prakrit is foremost a native term, designating "vernaculars" as opposed to Sanskrit.

Sanskrit

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See also Sanskrit Wikisource

See also

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